Why Birth Control Should Be Free - 1898 Words

Stephanie Valerio Anna Henson Eng 102-007 11 November 2015 Why Birth Control Should Be Free Women have been using birth control methods for over thousands of years. Today, we have various effective birth control methods available to woman. Such as the pill, patch, shot, or IUD. Birth control is a safe way to prevent pregnancy. You can purchase birth control at your doctor’s office, planned parenthood, a clinic, or a public health care provider. They will first discuss your medical history with you, then check your blood pressure and finally you will discuss which birth control method is right for you, and they will send you on your way with your prescription. Birth control can be purchased at your local drugstore and costs up to 50 dollars. In a lot of cases though, young girls and even older women cannot afford or access these types of birth control. There are concerns about being unemployed which results in no income coming in for birth control, lack of health insurance the woman may have and whether or not the woman can afford having a child, even more during an e conomic crisis. By having women’s birth control free it will not only decrease the chances of abortion, help women financially , help with women’s menstrual cycle, and also by lowering the teen pregnancy rate, and having them have the power to decide when they want to have children. Many people can argue that the government shouldn’t have to provide another free service and that the costShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy And Child Birth850 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage pregnancy and child birth have long been a controversy in the united states. The issue emerged during the 1950’s and early 1960’s when teenage childbearing rates reached a historical peak. In the mid 1960’s birth control was introduces and the teen pregnancy rate dropped by 25 percent however it is still a social issue. Such strife has triggered much political debate. Notably, whether the government should fund programs that encourage abstinence or focus on birth control. Altho ugh abstinence wouldRead MoreThe Benefits Of Free Birth Control980 Words   |  4 PagesMonica Varona English IV Rhonda Hill 20 July 2017 The Benefits of Free Birth Control Even though birth control is an important part of preventive health care, it can be difficult to attain. The options for a woman who is not covered by a health insurance provider are limited. Their best option is to receive a prescription at a clinic or to purchase forms of birth control at a Planned Parenthood center. Still, these women are left to cover the price of the pill that can range from $35-$200 a monthRead MoreEffects Of Birth Control On Children1677 Words   |  7 Pagesasked my dad if he was okay with me going on birth control. Naturally he thought the worst, but that had nothing to do with why I wanted it. The reason that most female teens think about birth control is because of premenstrual syndrome -- a condition which causes migraines, cramps, and mood swings. Many people, like my father, disapprove of teens using birth control for moral and/ or religious reasons. Parents do not want their children to have birth control because they often feel that it is inappropria teRead More Birthcontrol and the Work Of Margaret Sanger Essay1607 Words   |  7 PagesOf Margaret Sanger Works Cited Missing A free race cannot be born and no woman can call herself free who does not own and control her body. No woman can call herself free until she can choose consciously whether she will or will not be a mother(Sanger A 35). Margaret Sanger (1870-1966)said this in one of her many controversial papers. The name of Margaret Sanger and the issue of birth control have virtually become synonymous. Birth control and the work of Sanger have done a great deal toRead MoreProblems with Teen Pregnancy in Oklahoma Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesOklahoma has been ranked number two in teen birth rates according to a Tulsa World article. Teen pregnancy has always been a problem in America. More and more teens are becoming pregnant every day. Most of them can’t afford the expenses of birth control. Others do not know how to prevent it. Teen pregnancy can also cause education problems with the teen. Teen moms are not mature enough to handle raising a kid. Many kids who have parents who were young when they had them are more than likely goingRead MoreBirth Control Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesShould Birth Control Be Accessible To All? When it comes to birth control, you have many options to choose from and it will be your personal decision. They are a synthetic form of progesterone and estrogen, it is the act of preventing pregnancy. Birth control also reduces abortion. The food and drug administration (FDA) approved of the pill in the 1960’s and ever since, women have continued to use it. The pill has become the most popular and one of the most effective forms of reversible birth controlRead MoreShould Teenagers Have Access to Birth Control1648 Words   |  7 PagesBarbara Burton Professor Singh English 111 November 13, 2012 Should Teenagers Have Access to Birth Control? Teenagers are still growing and learning. Sometimes we forget that they are making choices that can affect their whole life. Yes, we are here to teach them and to guide them in making decisions that will help shape their future. Are they going to make mistakes? Are they going to regret some of their choices? Are they going to wish that they had listened to their parents at times that they didn’tRead MoreMargaret Sanger And The Birth Control Movement Highlighted1187 Words   |  5 PagesMargaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement highlighted a variety of important issues. These issues include women’s right to make decisions privately versus the right of a community to regulate moral behavior; the ethnic demographics of the American people; the ability of women to control their own physical destinies by limiting family size; and the idea that small families were the way to keep the American dream alive. The debate over birth control spoke to personal and political iss ues, whichRead MoreAnalysis Of The Right To Ones Body By Margaret Sanger911 Words   |  4 Pagesas described by biography.com, was â€Å"†¦ an early feminist and women’s rights activist who coined the term ‘birth control’ and worked towards its legalization† (â€Å"Margaret Sanger†). Margret was also responsible for the creation of the first planned parenthood center, and later was a founding member of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. Margret most notably belonged to the birth control movement, as she was a nurse working with women who were directly affected by the lack of child care optionsRead MoreFree And Accessible Birth Control1722 Words   |  7 PagesFree and Accessible Birth Control in the United States A total of 730,322 abortions were reported from the Centers for Disease Control in 2011. This could easily be resolved with proper usage of birth control. But the fact of the matter is that only 62% of women are actually using proper birth control, now this may seem like a lot of women, but there is 158.6 million women in the United States alone so 58.5 million are currently not on any birth control which is a huge amount of women. Birth

Life As A Conformist - 795 Words

Conformity is a person’s belief or behavior that is influenced by their environment. Rebellion is the act of refusing to listen or follow authority. There are several costs and benefits of conformity and rebellion. The assigned readings points out many of these examples. However living a life as a conformist, rather than a rebellion would be a good decision and a safe one. If one is a conformist should they continue living that way or change to be a rebel? The cost of conformity would be in questioned if one’s environment is a positive or negative one. This would reflect on whether or not one should go along with the flow or rebel against it. When one chooses to be a rebel in life they are taking a risk. Many people do not think about†¦show more content†¦Doing things against your will can cause harm to one’s mind. Jing-mei was faced with a lot of pressure into doing things she did not want to do. She was forced into a talent show playing the piano. The result of her performance was not good. She thought if she did badly, then she wouldn’t have to play again. Though, that was not the case. Her mother still insisted that she play the piano. Once the pressured built up, she seemed to hit her breaking point. That is when she started to rebel against her mother. By replying â€Å"I’m not going to play anymore,† I said nonchalantly. â€Å"Why should I? I’m not a genius.† (p.358). At the end of the story her mother died. Some years later after her passing she decided to try to play the piano. After playing the piano she realized that it was not so bad. Storr3 The third example of the subject at hand would be in the story â€Å"A Doll House† (Ibsen). The conformist would be Torvald Helmer because he follows authority. In addition to him being a lawyer he was offered a bank manger’s position. Being a lawyer Mr. Helmer feels that it is important to follow the law and have a good reputation. Mr. Helmer was put in a position to have Krogstad another bank employee fired. The reason being is that Krogstad is not trustworthy. Krogstad request the help of Mr. Helmer’s wife Nora. He wanted her to convince her husband to keep his position in exchange of him blackmailing her. He threatens toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Article Ralph Waldo Emerson 1514 Words   |  7 Pagesmost of his philosophy is different from the real world. In the article â€Å"Self- Reliance†, Emerson’s view of the non-conformist is important for each individual in order for them to be independent and follow their own thoughts. Each individual should believe in themselves, value their own experience, and share with society. Based on Emerson’s belief, Aung San Suu Kyi is a non- conformist because she is independent, has no fear, and believes what she does is right. It is important for each individualRead More Babbit by Sinclair Lewis Essays1737 Words   |  7 Pageseven after babbitt realizes the stifling nature of the society in which he lives he is powerless to change his fate as a member of conformist society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;George F. Babbitt is a man who is completely controlled by the conformist society in which he lives. Pressure to conform lies in all aspects of Babbitts life. Relationships, family, social life, and business are all based on his ability to conform to Zeniths preset standards of thought and action. All of Babbitts thoughtsRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew And Ella Wheeler Wilcoxs Woman1339 Words   |  6 Pagesmisogynistic society, pressures and encourages women into conforming. While Shakespeare believes that women must put on the facade of giving up their volition in order to gain respect, Wilcox proposes that women need to be nonconformists in order to live a life that is not dictated by female stereotypes. Shakespeare’s use of sarcasm establishes an insincere tone, proving that Kate, the protagonist, only appears to conform to men’s expectations of women in order to gain respect when voicing her opinions.Read MoreThe View of Tattoos in Our Society Today Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagesstigma attached to them throughout society. Such is the case of Mom’s opinion, for example. Society’s perception of body art and tattoos often stems from pseudo- stereotyping of tattooed individuals, but tattoos can function as a way to tell life stories, a form of self-expression, and as a way to claim one’s own identity. Many tattooed individuals become subject to stereotyping. They soon realize while reasons behind getting a tattoo may be symbolic to them; other people’s viewsRead MoreConformity And Nonconformity In SophoclesAntigone1014 Words   |  5 Pagesto conform can have an impact on one’s decisions. He utilizes the controversy surrounding the central conflict of the play, the death of Polyneices, to portray his characters’ attitudes towards conformity and nonconformity. Creon and Ismene are conformists because they believe in the absolute power of the law; whereas, Antigone is a nonconformist because she rebels against society’s rules. Creon’s conformity is apparent through the way in which he governs. His decision to punish Antigone is notRead MoreSutherlands Differential Association Theory1430 Words   |  6 Pages 1960; O Grady, 2014). When one is exposed to these factors in more deviant contexts rather than conformist, they are more likely to be deviant (Sutherland, 1947; Matsueda, 1988, 2001; Cressey, 1960; Bereska, 2014; Scott and Marshall, 2015; O’Grady, 2014; Williams III and McShane, 2013). The main tenant of Sutherland’s theory is that deviant behaviour is learned in the exact same fashion conformist behaviour is learned (Bereska, 2014, O’Grady 2014, Williams III and McShane, 2013). Sutherland arguesRead MoreSocial Conformity And Political Disengagement975 Words   |  4 Pagesmock their inability to change their situation, acknowledging how they are stuck on â€Å"the treadmill† or caught â€Å"in the rat race† . In short these people are creating a â€Å"So cial Ethic† by accepting their roles in unfulfilling jobs as just a reality of life in America and make no effort to change their predicament for personal benefit. Whyte compares this â€Å"Social Ethic† of post-World War Two United States to the â€Å"Protestant Ethic† of the 19th century. Protestant Ethic is a concept that emphasizes hardRead MoreThe Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay863 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent types of people in this world yet we need both for balance. His next poem The Chimney Sweeper has many hidden meaning within his poem about his views on society. Then he goes on in his poem titled Infant Sorrow to reveal his thoughts on non-conformists. William Blake makes a different criticism of society in his four poems The Lamb, The Tyger, The Chimney Sweeper and Infant Sorrow. To begin, William Blake uses his poems The Lamb and The Tyger to point out flaws of society, but also to showRead MoreThe Individual in Chains of Illusion† 950 Words   |  4 Pagesones lifestyle is attributed to the concept of necrophilia and biophilia. Necrophilia can be defined as the love of death and biophilia can be defined as the love of life. Human character is dominated by both forces, but it is important to identify which of these forces plays a dominant role. The dominant role dictates the relational life one has with the world. The class of people one can associate with necrophiliacs are members of violent gangs. Members of violent gangs thrive on the love of deathRead MoreNonconformity and Its Effects728 Words   |  3 Pagesanyone’s heart apart and cause indescribable pain and distress. However, the death of his mother causes neither of those. Rather, Meursault chooses not to dwell on the matter because the death would not essentially cause any difference in his ongoing life. Furthermore, Meursault’s lack of repentance after murdering a man solidifies the fact that he is a significant nonconformist. For instance, during the questioning for his action, he â€Å"didn’t take†¦ [the examining magistrate] seriously† and â€Å"it all seemed

Role of Emissions in Climate Change Policy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Role of Emissions in Climate Change Policy. Answer: Introduction Currently, there are no universally accepted standards of accounting for emission allowances in organizations. There is no accepted method of measuring and recognizing emission allowances and this has created a misunderstanding on the standards for accounting for this item in the financial report. However, this has not prevented organizations from trading and developing carbon markets. Many countries especially in Europe, South Korea, and Australia have made significant steps in trying to set uniform emission allowance measurement standards for companies in their countries (Skjrseth Eikeland, 2013). The definitions given by the Global accounting standards body indicates that carbon allowances should be treated as assets since they are resource being controlled by the organization and they have economic value. A proposal for revision on the regulation of financial instrumentsrecognizes emissions as part of an organizations instruments of finance.(Fusaro James, 2013). When it comes t o accounting, allowances from emissions are not treated as financial instruments.. The report discusses the emission allowances and provides justification for the discussions that follows. The report evaluates the measurement of emission allowances and the journal entries for this transaction are entered to illustrate how the instruments are accounted for. The final section of the report discusses the consequences of allowances issued on emissions on the financial statements which includes the balance sheet, income statement and the statement of cash flow. The first reason European Commission has established that classification of the emission allowances for accounting reasons depends on the criteria set by recognized accounting standards body only(Perkins, 2011). Since no accounting standards body has been able to put in place strategies to account for the emission allowances in financial reports. The U.S GAAP has established uniform systems of accounting which provides guidance to companies to account for emission allowance. It provides that emission allowances should be reported at historical cost and are classified as inventory in the balance sheet. Allowances that are being bought are recorded at the buying price while those received from EPA are recorded at zero price. Weighted average cost method is recommended and the calculations should be done on a monthly. The financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) works hand in hand International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to solve the issue of accounting for carbon emission schemes (Antes, Hansju?rgens, Letmathe, 2006). In USA certain companies mostly in the power and energy industries which are viewed as contributing greatly to pollution are needed to engage in established programs on emissions. The absence of a clearly defined strategy and methods for measuring the emission credits has resulted to the rise of the following practices in various industries; renewable energy certificates, emission offsets and credit on emissions. Accounting for emission credits or allowances In a survey conducted in USA for publicly registered companies with yearly revenues of between $1.1 billion and $100 billion between Jan 2009 and September 2009(Taticchi,Carbone Albino, 2013). Of all the companies registered in this program, more than 29 companies indicated that they had an accounting policy related to emission credits. One of the models used in accounting for carbon emission allowances is intangible assets accounting model. The companys measure emission credits and allowances issued to them and bought in the market by comparing with the cost of emissions. If a company is therefore issued with emission credits, it has a nominal zero cost. When a company buys carbon credits, it has costs associated with them which are the buying price of the carbon credits (Watchman, 2008). Under this technique, it is possible to value emission credits that have been issued at a fair value immediately they are received. Emission credits are subject to impairment under the intangible assets model impairment model and the assets that are fixed model to the point of amortization of the carbon credits (Newell, Boykoff Boyd, 2012). The carbon credits can also be accounted for under the inventory model. Under this model, the emission credits are measured using the weighted-average cost. Emission credits issued by relevant bodies in charge of carbon credits have zero costs attached to them. Weighted average cost of carbon emissions for a particularly period of time is valued by estimating the cost of fuel. Under this model, the emission allowances are ranked as inventory in a companys balance sheet and in the cash flow statements, they are classified as operating activities. The emission credits are also accounted as liability and gain recognition. In this, a company does nor recognize the obligation to deliver carbon credits to concerned bodies until the real level of carbon emissions for a particular period is more than the credit recorded on the balance sheet. A gain is usually recognized in the period in which the credits have been sold. Some companies however defers the income if the emissions were given for a future vintage year and they happen to be sold in the current year (Chen, Liu Hua, 2013). The gain in this case is considered as not realized since the company may fail to cover its emissions in the future vintage year due to the credits sold in the previous year. In accounting vintage year changes, all emissions have years of vintage allocated to them. Allowances that have not be used are transferred to future years. This practice is common because government agencies I charge of issuing emission allowances issue for many years simultaneously and hence need to exchange allowances between the years. Examples of emission allowance journal entries using various methods Details Debit Credit Allowances 10 Income differed 10 If a company receives 1000 tonnes of emission allowances, then the total value of emission allowance is (100010) =$10,000. This amount will be credited as income as emissions allowance. If the government offers companies in an industry a grant of 3.5 tonnes. It will be recorded as follows; Details Debit Credit Deferred earning in form of gov grant 2.5 Income Statement 2.5 The company recognizes income from the government grant that is equal to the cost of emissions and hence (2.51.2) Details Debit Credit Record on income statement (expense) 4 Liability due to emission 4 The company recognizes responsibility for emission and credits it on the income statement. Settling of obligation Details Debit Credit liability on emissions 20 Emission allowance 20 Settlement of the liability due to carbon pollution and delivery of allowances during the financial period indicated Accounting using the revaluation model Details Debit credit Issued allowances 20 Differed income from sale of allowance 20 End of 2014 year with a price of $14 Details Debit Credit Allowances 2 Equity (revaluation surplus) 2 If a company recognizes increase in the value of emission allowances it has by1,000 and the price per ton has increased to $14 from $12 then:` Details Debit Credit Transferred income 2.5 Record on statement of income 2.5 The company should recognize as income the government grant when the cost of emissions is calculated and it exceeds the grant (Brebbia, Longhurst Popov, 2011). Details Debit Credit Expense emissions 6 Emission burden(liability) 6 The company recognizes the burden for emission (4,000 ton /4 x 1= 1000 ton x 12 =12000). The burden on emission in this case is calculated at fair value. Consequences of emission allowances on financial statements The recording of emission allowances affects financial statement in various ways. The first reason why they affect financial statements is that they may bring a new aspect in the recording of financial information. The following is an evaluation of the consequences of emission allowances on specific financial records: Currently held emission allowances should be recorded as assets on the balance sheet. This is because a company expects to derive future benefits from holding an allowance since it will enable the company to produce high amount of GHG in the production of goods and services (Bostan, 2009). Furthermore, a company may decide to sell the allowance and generate cash which is an asset for the business. A purchase of emission allowance by a company should be recorded as an allowance asset. It increases the allowance asset and reduces the cash asset on the balance sheet. If it is on credit, it increases accounts payable. When a company uses the emission allowance by emitting the quantity of emission authorized, the allowance asset should be decreased to indicate a reduction in an asset. A corresponding allowance expense should be recorded to decrease net income in the income statement of the company. This is listed as the cost of pollution in most income statements of companies. Companies should make adjustments at the end of the year to the carrying value allowance asset accounts to bring it to the market value. Increase in price in the market, the Allowance asset account should be increased by the change in price(Daniel Lieberman, 2010).The equity account named Unrealized gain on Allowances of the company should also be increased by same amount (Bonham Ernst Young. 2008). When a company emits more carbon than its current allowance held. It should be recorded as an accrued expense which is a liability for the business. The company will then need to pay a fine or purchase additional carbon credits. Conclusion The report evaluates and describes the subject of emissions allowances. Emissions allowances is becoming popular means of ensuring environmental sustainability through the counting of carbon foot prints which can then be sold to other producers. This report evaluates the accounting methods used to account for emissions among various companies in different countries. There are no universally accepted standards on accounting for emission allowances and therefore the standards and accounting practices in this regard. Some of the common and most popular methods used by companies vary from country and a company has a choice on which accounting methods to use in this regard. One of the models used in accounting for carbon emission allowances is intangible assets accounting model. The companys measure emission credits and allowances issued to them and acquired in the market at cost and this cost is assumed to be the value of the emissions for that accounting period. The report analyzes the journal entries resulting from accounting for emissions and uses examples to illustrate how the item is recorded in the financial statement. The consequences of the emission allowances on the financial records is that they increase the emissions allowance account when they are bought and in turn decrease the cash account or accounts receivables. If emissions by a company exceed the emission allowance that a company holds, it will record it as emission allowance payable. This is a liability for the company and needs to be paid at a future date. References Antes, R., Hansju?rgens, B., Letmathe, P. (2006). Emissions trading and business. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag. Burritt, R. (2011). Environmental management accounting and supply chain management. Dordrecht: Springer. Bonham, M., Ernst Young. (2008). International GAAP 2008: Generally accepted accounting practice under International financial reporting standards. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley Sons. Bostan, I. (2009). Consideration Concerning Finanacial Statement in the Context Globalization. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1324954 Daniel Lieberman, M. (2010). Accounting for Climate Change. Springer Netherlands. Fusaro, P. C., James, T. (2013). Energy and emissions markets: Collision or convergence. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. International Conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution, Brebbia, C. A., Longhurst, J. W. S., Popov, V. (2011). Air pollution XIX. Southampton, UK: WIT Press. International Conference on Low-carbon Transportation and Logistics, and Green Buildings, Chen, F., Liu, Y., Hua, G. (2013). LTLGB 2012: Proceedings of International Conference on Low-carbon Transportation and Logistics, Green Buildings, Beijing, China, October 12-13, 2012. Berlin: Springer. Jones, S., Ratnatunga, J. (2012). Contemporary issues in sustainability accounting, assurance and reporting. Bingley: Emerald Group Pub. Newell, P., Boykoff, M., Boyd, E. (2012). The New Carbon Economy: Constitution, Governance and Contestation. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Perkins, H. (2011). The Role of Emissions in Climate Change Policy. Hauppauge: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Skjrseth, J. B., Eikeland, P. O. (2013). Governing European industry by emissions trading: Resistance, innovation or responsibility?. Farnham: Ashgate. Taticchi, P., Carbone, P., Albino, V. (2013). Corporate sustainability. Berlin: Springer Veith, S. (2010). The EU emission trading scheme: Aspects of statehood, regulation, and accouting. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Watchman, P. (2008). Climate change. London: Globe Law and Business.